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Cellular adaptation
In cell biology and pathophysiology, cellular adaptation refers to changes made by a cell in response to adverse environmental changes.〔Huether, S. E. & McCance, K. L. (2008). ''Understanding Pathophysiology'', Ed 4, p. 62-65.〕 The adaptation may be physiologic(al) (normal) or pathologic(al) (abnormal). Five major types of adaptation include atrophy, hypertrophy, hyperplasia, dysplasia, and metaplasia.
==Atrophy==
Atrophy is a decrease in cell size. If enough cells in an organ atrophy the entire organ will decrease in size. Thymus atrophy during early human development (childhood) is an example of physiologic atrophy. Skeletal muscle atrophy is a common pathologic adaptation to skeletal muscle disuse (commonly called "disuse atrophy). Tissue and organs especially susceptible to atrophy include skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle, secondary sex organs, and the brain.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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